We initiate basic research to explore new paths to solve the intrinsic nature of nursing problems. Basic research is the internal driving force to promote the development of the discipline, and the discipline should focus on oncology nursing and carry out research on the basic mechanism of nursing diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation. By studying molecular mechanisms and pathways of tumors development during radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as the application of different drugs or therapeutic materials, the intrinsic nature of nursing problems can be revealed, and lay a theoretical foundation for the development of new nursing intervention strategies.